Re: [Exim] Routing failed Mail messages to provider?

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Szerző: Dave C.
Dátum: 2000-09-17 16:47 -000
Címzett: Robert Ribnitz
CC: exim-users
Tárgy: Re: [Exim] Routing failed Mail messages to provider?
On Sun, 17 Sep 2000, Robert Ribnitz wrote:

> Hello,
>
> In my last post I asked how I could do a filtering of mail, and sending some
> of it to the smtp server of my provider, and some of it directly. I got
> replies with the gist of 'dont do it, its unethical, since blocking dialup
> direct transfers is a quite effective means to combat spam'. Personally I
> wasnt even talking about spamming, I was just thinking along the lines of why
> send it to the smtp host if I can deliver it directly.


I think you misunderstood. Since blocking SMTP drom dialups is so
effective, you will find yourself blocked from sending directly to
hosts from your dialup far more often that not - you would be far
better to always use your ISP's smarthost. If you ISP's smarthost has a
problem, then first complain to them about it to try and get them to
fix it (wether its a problem of being inefficient, or if its on an RBL
or whatever), then consider getting a _static_ IP dialup, which
shouldnt be blocked..

>
> So far so good. It has also been suggested to send failed deliveries to my
> upstram provider's SMTP server, which would also solve the problem, however
> rather unintelligently. (the system wont be able to learn). What are the
> filters/directors/lines necessary in exim.conf to do that?
>
> Thanks
>
> Robert
>
> Attached is again my current exim.conf
>
>


--

# This is the main exim configuration file.
# It was originally generated by `eximconfig', part of the exim package
# distributed with Debian, but it may edited by the mail system administrator.
# This file originally generated by eximconfig at Wed Oct 6 17:50:28 CEST 1999
# See exim info section for details of the things that can be configured here.

# Please see the manual for a complete list
# of all the runtime configuration options that can be included in a
# configuration file.

# This file is divided into several parts, all but the last of which are
# terminated by a line containing the word "end". The parts must appear
# in the correct order, and all must be present (even if some of them are
# in fact empty). Blank lines, and lines starting with # are ignored.

######################################################################
#                    MAIN CONFIGURATION SETTINGS                     #
######################################################################


# Specify the domain you want to be added to all unqualified addresses
# here. Unqualified addresses are accepted only from local callers by
# default. See the receiver_unqualified_{hosts,nets} options if you want
# to permit unqualified addresses from remote sources. If this option is
# not set, the primary_hostname value is used for qualification.

qualify_domain = pinguin.insa.ch

# If you want unqualified recipient addresses to be qualified with a different
# domain to unqualified sender addresses, specify the recipient domain here.
# If this option is not set, the qualify_domain value is used.

# qualify_recipient =

# Specify your local domains as a colon-separated list here. If this option
# is not set (i.e. not mentioned in the configuration file), the
# qualify_recipient value is used as the only local domain. If you do not want
# to do any local deliveries, uncomment the following line, but do not supply
# any data for it. This sets local_domains to an empty string, which is not
# the same as not mentioning it at all. An empty string specifies that there
# are no local domains; not setting it at all causes the default value (the
# setting of qualify_recipient) to be used.

local_domains = localhost:pinguin.insa.ch:pinguin

# Allow mail addressed to our hostname, or to our IP address.

local_domains_include_host = true
local_domains_include_host_literals = true

# Domains we relay for; that is domains that aren't considered local but we
# accept mail for them.

relay_domains = ufper6.unifr.ch:insa.ch

# If this is uncommented, we accept and relay mail for all domains we are
# in the DNS as an MX for.

#relay_domains_include_local_mx = true

# No local deliveries will ever be run under the uids of these users (a colon-
# separated list). An attempt to do so gets changed so that it runs under the
# uid of "nobody" instead. This is a paranoic safety catch. Note the default
# setting means you cannot deliver mail addressed to root as if it were a
# normal user. This isn't usually a problem, as most sites have an alias for
# root that redirects such mail to a human administrator.

never_users = root

# The setting below causes Exim to do a reverse DNS lookup on all incoming
# IP calls, in order to get the true host name. If you feel this is too
# expensive, you can specify the networks for which a lookup is done, or
# remove the setting entirely.

host_lookup = *

# Exim contains support for the Realtime Blocking List (RBL) that is being
# maintained as part of the DNS. See http://maps.vix.com/rbl/ for background.
# Uncommenting the following line will make Exim reject mail from any
# host whose IP address is blacklisted in the RBL at maps.vix.com.

rbl_domains = rbl.maps.vix.com
rbl_reject_recipients = true
rbl_warn_header = true

# The setting below allows your host to be used as a mail relay by only
# the hosts in the specified networks. See the section of the manual
# entitled "Control of relaying" for more info.

host_accept_relay = 127.0.0.0/24 : 192.168.1.1/16

# If you want Exim to support the "percent hack" for all your local domains,
# uncomment the following line. This is the feature by which mail addressed
# to x%y@z (where z is one of your local domains) is locally rerouted to
# x@y and sent on. Otherwise x%y is treated as an ordinary local part

# percent_hack_domains=*

# If this option is set, then any process that is running as one of the
# listed users may pass a message to Exim and specify the sender's
# address using the "-f" command line option, without Exim's adding a
# "Sender" header.

trusted_users = mail

# If this option is true, the SMTP command VRFY is supported on incoming
# SMTP connections; otherwise it is not.

smtp_verify = false

# Some operating systems use the "gecos" field in the system password file
# to hold other information in addition to users' real names. Exim looks up
# this field when it is creating "sender" and "from" headers. If these options
# are set, exim uses "gecos_pattern" to parse the gecos field, and then
# expands "gecos_name" as the user's name. $1 etc refer to sub-fields matched
# by the pattern.

gecos_pattern = ^([^,:]*)
gecos_name = $1

# This sets the maximum number of messages that will be accepted in one
# connection. The default is 10, which is probably enough for most purposes,
# but is too low on dialup SMTP systems, which often have many more mails
# queued for them when they connect.

smtp_accept_queue_per_connection = 500
queue_smtp_domains = *
queue_remote_domains = *
# Send a mail to the postmaster when a message is frozen. There are many
# reasons this could happen; one is if exim cannot deliver a mail with no
# return address (normally a bounce) another that may be common on dialup
# systems is if a DNS lookup of a smarthost fails. Read the documentation
# for more details: you might like to look at the auto_thaw option

freeze_tell_mailmaster = false

# This string defines the contents of the \`Received' message header that
# is added to each message, except for the timestamp, which is automatically
# added on at the end, preceded by a semicolon. The string is expanded each
# time it is used.

received_header_text = "Received: \
         ${if def:sender_rcvhost {from ${sender_rcvhost}\n\t}\
         {${if def:sender_ident {from ${sender_ident} }}\
         ${if def:sender_helo_name {(helo=${sender_helo_name})\n\t}}}}\
         by ${primary_hostname} \
         ${if def:received_protocol {with ${received_protocol}}} \
         (Exim ${version_number} #${compile_number} (Debian))\n\t\
         id ${message_id}\
         ${if def:received_for {\n\tfor <$received_for>}}"
end



######################################################################
#                      TRANSPORTS CONFIGURATION                      #
######################################################################
#                       ORDER DOES NOT MATTER                        #
#     Only one appropriate transport is called for each delivery.    #
######################################################################


# This transport is used for local delivery to user mailboxes. On debian
# systems group mail is used so we can write to the /var/spool/mail
# directory. (The alternative, which most other unixes use, is to deliver
# as the user's own group, into a sticky-bitted directory)

local_delivery:
driver = appendfile
group = mail
mode = 0660
mode_fail_narrower = false
envelope_to_add = true
file = /var/spool/mail/${local_part}

# This transport is used for handling pipe addresses generated by alias
# or .forward files. It has a conventional name, since it is not actually
# mentioned elsewhere in this configuration file. (A different name *can*
# be specified via the "address_pipe_transport" option if you really want
# to.) If the pipe generates any standard output, it is returned to the sender
# of the message as a delivery error. Set return_fail_output instead if you
# want this to happen only when the pipe fails to complete normally.

address_pipe:
driver = pipe
return_output

# This transport is used for handling file addresses generated by alias
# or .forward files. It has a conventional name, since it is not actually
# mentioned elsewhere in this configuration file.

address_file:
driver = appendfile

# This transport is used for handling file addresses generated by alias
# or .forward files if the path ends in "/", which causes it to be treated
# as a directory name rather than a file name. Each message is then delivered
# to a unique file in the directory. If instead you want all such deliveries to
# be in the "maildir" format that is used by some other mail software,
# uncomment the final option below. If this is done, the directory specified
# in the .forward or alias file is the base maildir directory.
#
# Should you want to be able to specify either maildir or non-maildir
# directory-style deliveries, then you must set up yet another transport,
# called address_directory2. This is used if the path ends in "//" so should
# be the one used for maildir, as the double slash suggests another level
# of directory. In the absence of address_directory2, paths ending in //
# are passed to address_directory.

address_directory:
driver = appendfile
no_from_hack
prefix = ""
suffix = ""
# maildir_format

# This transport is used for handling autoreplies generated by the filtering
# option of the forwardfile director. It has a conventional name, since it
# is not actually mentioned elsewhere in this configuration file.

address_reply:
driver = autoreply

# This transport is used for delivering messages over SMTP connections.

remote_smtp:
driver = smtp

end


######################################################################
#                      DIRECTORS CONFIGURATION                       #
#             Specifies how local addresses are handled              #
######################################################################
#                          ORDER DOES MATTER                         #
#   A local address is passed to each in turn until it is accepted.  #
######################################################################


# This allows local delivery to be forced, avoiding alias files and
# forwarding.

real_local:
prefix = real-
driver = localuser
transport = local_delivery

# This director handles aliasing using a traditional /etc/aliases file.
# If any of your aliases expand to pipes or files, you will need to set
# up a user and a group for these deliveries to run under. You can do
# this by uncommenting the "user" option below (changing the user name
# as appropriate) and adding a "group" option if necessary.

system_aliases:
driver = aliasfile
file_transport = address_file
pipe_transport = address_pipe
file = /etc/aliases
search_type = lsearch
# user = list
# Uncomment the above line if you are running smartlist

# This director handles forwarding using traditional .forward files.
# It also allows mail filtering when a forward file starts with the
# string "# Exim filter": to disable filtering, uncomment the "filter"
# option. The check_ancestor option means that if the forward file
# generates an address that is an ancestor of the current one, the
# current one gets passed on instead. This covers the case where A is
# aliased to B and B has a .forward file pointing to A.

# For standard debian setup of one group per user, it is acceptable---normal
# even---for .forward to be group writable. If you have everyone in one
# group, you should comment out the "modemask" line. Without it, the exim
# default of 022 will apply, which is probably what you want.

userforward:
driver = forwardfile
file_transport = address_file
pipe_transport = address_pipe
reply_transport = address_reply
no_verify
check_ancestor
file = .forward
modemask = 002
filter

# This director matches local user mailboxes.

localuser:
driver = localuser
transport = local_delivery

end


######################################################################
#                      ROUTERS CONFIGURATION                         #
#            Specifies how remote addresses are handled              #
######################################################################
#                          ORDER DOES MATTER                         #
#  A remote address is passed to each in turn until it is accepted.  #
######################################################################


# Remote addresses are those with a domain that does not match any item
# in the "local_domains" setting above.

# This router routes to remote hosts over SMTP using a DNS lookup with
# default options.

lookuphost:
driver = lookuphost
transport = remote_smtp

# This router routes to remote hosts over SMTP by explicit IP address,
# given as a "domain literal" in the form [nnn.nnn.nnn.nnn]. The RFCs
# require this facility, which is why it is enabled by default in Exim.
# If you want to lock it out, set forbid_domain_literals in the main
# configuration section above.

literal:
driver = ipliteral
transport = remote_smtp

end


######################################################################
#                      RETRY CONFIGURATION                           #
######################################################################


# This single retry rule applies to all domains and all errors. It specifies
# retries every 15 minutes for 2 hours, then increasing retry intervals,
# starting at 2 hours and increasing each time by a factor of 1.5, up to 16
# hours, then retries every 8 hours until 4 days have passed since the first
# failed delivery.

# Domain               Error       Retries
# ------               -----       -------


*                      *           F,2h,15m; G,16h,2h,1.5; F,4d,8h


end


######################################################################
#                      REWRITE CONFIGURATION                         #
######################################################################



# There are no rewriting specifications in this default configuration file.


# This is an example of a useful rewriting rule---it looks up the real
# address of all local users in a file

 *@pinguin.insa.ch    ${lookup{$1}lsearch{/etc/email-addresses}\
                        {$value}fail} bcfrF


 *@pinguin    ${lookup{$1}lsearch{/etc/email-addresses}\
                        {$value}fail} bcfrF


# End of Exim configuration file